The eastern Colombian Antioquia is the sub-region with the largest number of reservoirs for electricity generation. Also in this region, the “Banco2” payment for environmental services scheme was born, an environmental compensation model, which is implemented throughout the country and in South America; But the environmental effects of the hydroelectric plants, and the protection that the Bank2 scheme provides to the environment, causes controversy in the region, over which model brings greater environmental, economic and social benefits. For this reason, it is necessary to evaluate the probability of the regional economic transition, from the power generation model to the provision of environmental services. Taking into account the dependence of territorial public finances on energy royalties, the job offer and mandatory investments, and on the other hand the opportunity provided by the environmental services scheme, to generate an economy while caring for the environment.