This research approaches the essential problems of local labor markets, from the perspective of the current situation in Latin America and the Caribbean. The article is divided into three main blocks: The first introduces the most general reflections on the challenges faced by local employment policies; the second analyzes the labor markets and employment policies in Latin America and the Caribbean; and finally, presents the future scenario that focuses on the problem of new employment sources and green jobs. In this way, the reader will be able to reflect on him / her about the set of challenges and demands that the subject in question expounds